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TIME: Almanac 1993
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TIME Almanac 1993.iso
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1992-09-25
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January 4, 1982DESIGNBEST OF '81
Creating Good-Looking Objects That Work
A store, a gas station or a typewriter can raise the spirits and
make life easier
Most of 1981 design was not bad. It was awful.
But the few new urban places, buildings, industrial products
and graphics that were good, were very, very good. The
awfulness was not just a matter of bad taste. A little kitsch
in dull surroundings can be as endearing as a whiff of horse
manure in the city. The dismaying pollution of the cityscape,
like that of the language, stems from illiterate and, worse,
semiliterate pretentiousness.
The result is visual gobbledygook. An example is the new crop
of "post-modern" buildings. They are three-dimensional collages
of discrepant ornament and styles. The design of most new
interiors, furniture, cars, appliances and printed matter also
continues to follow ill-mannered fads rather than good form. A
confusion of design with mere styling, packaging or form-giving
still haunts our culture.
The successful designs of which the American public has become
aware during the year were not the ones to scream for attention
in an already all too noisy world. They stand out because, like
all first-rate design, they raise the human spirit and make
life a little easier.
Good design is essentially a matter of problem solving.
Engineers solve mechanical problems. Designers solve human
problems--or should. If the design does not work well, it may
be art, but it is not good design.
To make an object work, functionally and aesthetically, it must
be placed in its proper context. A chair must fit into the
room. The room must fit into the house. The house must fit
into the street. The street must fit into the city.
Good design, furthermore, politely takes its place in the
context of historic continuity. It does not parade in either
a "traditional" or futuristic costume. As time goes by, the
context keeps changing. That is why, as each new generation of
designers must learn, even the best design does not seem to
bring us closer to utopia. But, as Sir Henry Wotton observed
some 350 years ago, the best design gives us "commodity,
firmness and delight."
Here are the five best architectural and the five best
industrial or graphic designs of the past year:
Bullock's Northern California department store, San Mateo,
Calif. L. Gene Zellmer Associates, architects: Geiger Berger
Associates, P.C., structural engineers. A soaring, translucent
tent structure provides shoppers with daylight and a festive
atmosphere.
San Antonio Museum of Art, Texas. Cambridge Seven Associates,
Inc., architects. A creative yet respectful transformation has
turned the slightly loony Lone Star brewery into an imposing
museum building.
Thorncrown Chapel, Eureka Springs, Ark. Fay Jones &
Associates, architects. A simple but evocative structure of
pine boards, glass ingenuity, designed by a student of Frank
Lloyd Wright's. It is one of the few buildings that advance the
master's concept of organic architecture.
Viet Nam Veterans Memorial, Washington, D.C. Maya Y. Lin.
designer. A brilliantly simple solution to the emotion-charged
problem of honoring 57,709 victims of the controversial war.
Wainwright State Office Complex, St. Louis. Mitchell/Giurgola
in association with Hastings & Chivetta, architects. A
self-negating structure that is almost "non-architecture" adds
usable space to Louis Sullivan's famed building.
Bass guitar, Ned Steinberger, designer; Steinberger Sound
corp., manufacturer. An award-winning industrial design. This
handsome reinforced plastic instrument recognizes that there is
as much difference between the classic wood guitar and the
electric guitar as there is between the horse-drawn carriage and
the combustion engine. Rock musicians seem to dig the
Steinberger.
Burdick Group, Bruce Burdick, designer; Herman Miller,
manufacturer. One of the first flexible office-furniture systems
to come to terms with computer terminals and other electronic
office machines.
Exxon service stations, Saul Bass, Herb Yager, Howard York and
Richard Huppertz, principal designers. All elements, including
architecture, graphics and gasoline pumps are integrated into
one quietly assertive unit that should help calm America's
roadside clutter.
Minnesota Zoo Logo and Sign System, Apple Valley, Minn. Lance
Wyman, Ltd., designer. Graphic communication that informs with
delightful directness, charm and humor.
Olivetti Electronic Typewriter ET221, Mario Bellini, designer.
This is in the best Olivetti tradition--clean, elegant,
no-nonsense.
-By Wolf Von Eckardt